Sree Vaneesa Nagalingam, Nurain Nastasya binti Nooruddin, Chean Hui Ng, Syed Mahmood, and Putra Jiwamurwa Pama Tjitda

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ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND HERBAL LOTION FORMULATION USING COMBINED ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Azadirachta indica AND Clitoria ternatea  

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Abstract 

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The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Clitoria ternatea (butterflypea flowers) and Azadirachta indica (neem leaves) ethanol extracts. The disk diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial susceptibility of the ethanol extract of Clitoria ternatea flower and Azadirachta indica leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus, with Gentamicin as a positive control and DMSO as a negative control. Furthermore, the synergistic or additive effect of the combined ethanol extracts of both plants was determined using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). The yield of ethanol extraction for Clitoria ternatea flower and Azadirachta indica leaves was 25.80% and 5.78 % respectively. The antibacterial susceptibility test demonstrated that both plant ethanol extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations ranging from 25 to 400 mg/mL, with Azadirachta indica leaf ethanol extract having the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 12.5 mg/mL compared to MIC of Clitoria ternatea flower ethanol extract at 50.0 mg/mL. The FICI obtained by combining both plant extracts was 0.5625, indicating additive effects. Subsequent attempts to develop herbal lotion containing both ethanol extracts of blue pea flower and neem leaves have been successful.

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